Chromium in diet
The trace mineral grf chromium has become a superstar nutrient in the media, spurring many persons to buy supplements while confusing others. How to Treat Childhood Skin Problems Pregnancy App The big day is coming. GTF and insulin also promote (1) use of amino acids for protein synthesis, (2) improvement in phagocytic (engulfing and digesting of dead, damaged or foreign particles) ability of white blood cells, and (3) utilization of glucose by the lens of the eye. GTF along with insulin make it easier for carbohydrates, fatty acids, and amino acids to pass from the blood into the cells of various tissues (e. When in vitro (laboratory dish) studies showed that chromium picolinate caused 3 to 18 times more chromosomal damage (supposedly a cancer-causing potential) to hamster ovary cells than other chromium compounds (chloride, polynicotinate), questions and concerns were raised. However, people from less well developed areas in Europe, Africa, and Asia who consume a much less refined and processed diet (and where fewer artificial fertilizers and pesticides are used), had, on average, several times more chromium in their aortas, hearts, kidneys, livers, and spleens as the average American. Picolinic acid is an isomer (offshoot) of nicotinic acid, which is synthetic niacin. Type II diabetics, for example, produce plenty of insulin (often too much), but do not utilize it properly. The chromosomal damage appeared to be induced by picolinic acid, not the chromium. Severely traumatized individuals had urinary losses of chromium more than 50 times above normal levels for the initial 25 hours following trauma and were still elevated 72 hours after injury. Each time GTF performs its work, there is a corresponding rise in chromium excreted in the urine. In its biologically active form - when found in natural foods - chromium is part of the hormone-like glucose tolerance factor, and functions primarily as an insulin cofactor. Yet studies show adults consuming less than 50 mcg of chromium a day may still maintain chromium equilibrium. , low chromium levels have been found in tissues from deceased persons of various ages and nationalities, and of both sexes. Since 1966 researchers have described various degrees of glucose intolerance ranging from hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) to insulin-dependent diabetes. If you have any questions, please contact us at 901-417-7905. Chromium decreased serum cholesterol concentrations and normalized extreme insulin responses to glucose loads in some people. Data indicate that a chromium intake of less than 20 mcg per day is definitely inadequate. Evans was heavily involved with Nutrition 21 (a manufacturer of chromium picolinate) resulting in reports that sparked the publicity and popularity of the supplement. New Schizophrenia Drug Approved FDA: New, Stronger Warning for NSAIDs New Drug Approved for Heart Failure Mobile Drug Information App Drug, supplement, and vitamin information on the go. Actually, data point to a middle ground between hyperbole and criticism. The amounts of chromium picolinate used were extremely high, 10 times the recommended dosage. Most of these enzymes are involved in energy production, though it acts on the digestive enzyme trypsin also. U. Deficiency may lead to insulin resistance - inability of the body to utilize insulin properly. Taking Medications During Pregnancy Pill Identifier Having trouble identifying your pills. The first is found in foods and supplements and is safe for humans. Get Started Resources Second Opinion Read expert perspectives on popular health topics Message Boards Connect with people like you, and get expert guidance on living a healthy life Insurance Guide Get ready for changes to your health care coverage Physician Directory Find a doctor in your area Pain Coach Track your pain levels, triggers, and treatments. g. Gary Evans, then working for the USDA, decided to patent the process of synthesizing picolinic acid complexes. Download Living Healthy Featured Content Improve Your Concentration These Foods and Drinks Can Help Allergy App Fight allergies with daily forecasts, local alerts, and personalized tips. Two studies found that 40% of middle-aged Americans (with no history of diabetes) develop moderate glucose intolerance, and 77% of Americans over 70 years of age show impaired glucose tolerance. The National Academy of Sciences proposed an intake of 50 to 200 micrograms (mcg) daily. Therefore, most supplements must be inferior imitations of the synergistic complexes occurring in whole foods. Enter the shape, color, or imprint of your prescription or OTC drug. Chromium always appears in foods as part of a complex, usually with nicotinic acid (niacinamide or vitamin B3) and amino acids - possibly glycine, cysteine, and glutamic acid. Get Started My Medicine Save your medicine, check interactions, sign up for FDA alerts, create family profiles and more. Should the beta cells of the pancreas become exhausted, cellular breakdown and diabetes can occur. Many women in developed countries are so deficient in chromium that their white blood cell chromium level decreases about 50% with each pregnancy. Chromium picolinate and polynicotinate compounds are better absorbed than most chromium found in foods. The nutrient content of the soil, influenced by farming methods, has an obvious influence on trace mineral levels. If insulin cannot work efficiently, the body tries to compensate by making more insulin. The exact needs of individuals differ and undoubtedly much depends on the quality of the diet. But considering the amounts of chromium picolinate taken by some people, for example, 600 mcg per day consumed for five years could lead to an accumulation in tissues in a concentration close to that used in the studies. In the early 1980s it was found that zinc chelated (combined) with picolinate, compared with zinc sulfate, was assimilated more readily.
With other nutrients, chromium appears to stabilize nucleic acids (primarily RNA) against structural distortions. GTF is apparently an integral part of cell membranes. Our pill identification tool will display pictures that you can compare to your pill. Excessive alcohol (a refined carbohydrate) depletes chromium stores and, with a deficit, intolerance to alcohol may develop. Benefits to blood lipid (cholesterol, phospholipids, etc. Dr. And, whether it is only the biologically active form of chromium that interacts with insulin or insulin receptors also remains uncertain. During pregnancy women may excrete more chromium than normal. GTF is released into the blood (probably from tissues which store chromium such as liver, kidneys, spleen) whenever there is an increase in blood glucose or insulin levels. ) have led to widespread chromium deficits in the food supply. In 1959, trivalent chromium was identified as an active component in the glucose tolerance factor (GTF), which alleviated impaired glucose tolerance and enhanced the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids in rats. Some people developing adult onset diabetes may have experienced a gradual depletion of chromium stores leading to excess insulin. Second Opinion Read expert perspectives on popular health topics. S. See what your medical symptoms could mean, and learn about possible conditions. So a niacin-bound chromium nicotinate complex ( polynicotinate ) was developed, patented as ChromeMate, and promoted as more bioavailable than other forms. , muscle, adipose). It is claimed that 90% of Americans are not getting sufficient dietary chromium. Mertz, niacin-bound chromium strongly potentiates insulin, whereas other forms including chromium picolinate and chromium chloride do not. It is a natural stimulator for synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol in the liver. Foods contain natural complexes with many associated co-workers. Foods allow selective absorption (choice of nutrients and amounts needed), and are not synthetically manufactured chemicals. ) levels have often been reported. Refined carbohydrates, including refined sugars -- a large part of the typical American diet -- not only lack chromium, but promote the loss of chromium (and other nutrients) from the body. After research during the 1960s and 1970s, Dr. Thus, aging itself may not deplete chromium levels, but aging plus a diet lacking sufficient chromium and other natural nutrient complexes can and does so. The second is a known toxin that can cause skin problems and lung cancer. S. Hide Names Review this Treatment 95 User Reviews See Brand Products CHROMIUM Overview Information Chromium is a mineral. Department of Agriculture (USDA) researcher Richard Anderson contends that food refining and modern agricultural processes (synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, soil depletion, etc. A significant number of Americans consume less than this and could benefit from increased intake. Refined and processed foods have as much as 80% of their naturally-occurring chromium removed. Studies during the 1960s indicated chromium could benefit glucose tolerance in 40% to 50% of mildly diabetic humans or those with impaired glucose tolerance. Later it was found that other metal picolinates were better absorbed than mineral salt forms. It is alleged that milk is a food source of picolinate because it contains the amino acid tryptophan, a precursor of vitamin B3. A USDA study found that nine out of 10 Americans tested had diets containing less than the proposed minimum: about 33 mcg per day for men and 25 mcg for women. There are two forms of chromium: trivalent chromium and hexavalent chromium. It is not yet known how much chromium the body requires, and, as with other nutrients, biochemical individuality determines needs. Message Boards Connect with people like you, and get expert guidance on living a healthy life. Chromium is crucial for the proper development and metabolism of a growing fetus. Findings from cells in dishes cannot usually be applied to people. Get Started Drug News Vitamin B12 May Not Help Some Seniors Do Supplements Give Athletes an Edge. Advertisements and articles have proffered promotions such as. Simple chromium salts (chromium chloride) do not meet the imposed criteria. Inadequate chromium intake and excessive chromium losses over the years - primarily due to consumption of refined and processed foods - takes its toll. In the U. Chromium in diet video:
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